How to draw the Ray Diagram for Images formed by Convex lens, Microscope and Telescope ?

 

How to draw the Ray Diagram for Images formed by Convex lens, Microscope and Telescope ?

Smart diagrams:

The points to be remembered for Scientifically correct and easy methods of drawing Smart diagrams in Physics.

1.   Diagram  size is  nearly HALF page of A4 size paper.

2.  Diagram must be drawn with pencil. (Take full size pencil, cut it into two parts and sharpen at both ends. Also fix on pencil to compass. )

3 . Usually use full scale (30 cm ) ruler.   

  Do You Want to Know?

How to Draw the Ray Diagram for Image formed by Convex lens due to Object kept beyond 2F_1.  Let us see.

Convex lens focus:

Terms related with Convex lens:

Convex Lens : Rules for ray diagram :

1. Parallel ray to principal axis passes through focus on other side of convex lens.

2. Ray passing through Optical center of convex lens  goes un-deviated.

3. Intersection of these rays gives position of Image.

4. Taking object on left side of lens , position of Image can be found.

Convex lens ray diagram for Image due to Object kept beyond 2F₁

Let us consider steps to draw ray diagram for Image due to Object kept beyond 2F₁   of Convex lens :

Step 1: Draw line in the middle of half page.

Step 2:

1. Select a point 2F₁ at 3 cm from margin. 

2. Draw a curve of length touching 3 lines above and below of

      middle  line, having 6 cm radius  and 2F₁ as center.

Step 3:

1. Select a point 2F₂ on principal axis at 6 cm from one end of curve
2. Draw opposite  curve of 6 cm radius  from 2F₂.

Step 4:

  Select  points F₁, F₂ on principal axis from O on both sides at a distance equal to half distance between O and 2F₁.

Step 5:

1.  Draw 1 cm AB arrow headed perpendicular line to Principal axis near

     margin as object.

2. Draw parallel line to axis from B up to lens, make this line to pass from F₂ .

3. Then draw line passing through O from B till it intersects line through F₂.

4. Draw perpendicular line A₁B₁ from intersection of above lines.

 

Step 6 :

The final Image due to Convex Lens when Object is kept beyond 2F₁  And Image is formed between 2F₂ and F₂   and it is inverted, diminished , real .

Repeat Same Procedure To Draw Images Due To Object Kept

 1. At 2F₁
 2. Between 2F₁ and F₁
 3. At F₁  
 4. Between F₁ and O

Images due to Convex Lens:

 

Image due to object kept between F₁ and O:

Practice to Draw image due to object kept between F₁ and O .

 

Compound Microscope:

To draw image due to Compound Microscope, follow the procedure used for convex lens.

Step 1:
 1. Compound Microscope Consists of  Objective and Eye-piece.
 2.  Turn the full page to horizontal, draw line at   middle of horizontal page.
 3.   Draw objective of radius 6 cm.
 4.   Fix the points 2F_1O, F_1O, O, 2F_2O, F_2O.

  5.   Draw object of 1 cm height between 2F_1O, F_1O and complete diagram

         for  image A₁B₁ as per procedure .

Final image A₁B₁  due to Objective of Microscope, which is magnified , inverted, real.

Step 2:

Select point X at 3 cm from image A₁B_{1 .}

Step 3:

1. Draw Eye-piece with radius 8cm taking  1F_1E at 8 cm from X.
2. Fix points 2F_1E, F_1E, O, 2F_2E, F_2E.

Step 4 :

1 Draw final image A₂B₂ with eye-piece taking   A₁B₁ as object.
2 Final image is magnified, inverted ,virtual.

 

Telescope:

To draw image due to Telescope, follow the procedure used for convex lens.

Step 1:

1. Telescope  consists of Objective and Eye-piece.

2. Turn the full page to horizontal, draw line at middle of horizontal page.

3. Draw objective of radius 8 cm. Fix the points 2F_1O, F_1O, O, 2F_2O, F_2O.

Step 2 :

1. Draw a line 1 passing through O with small inclination to horizontal.

2 . Then draw parallel line 2 to this above up to lens.

3. Make this line 2 to pass through F_2E till it intersects line 1 at B_1.

4. Draw first image A₁B₁ due to objective between F_2E and 2 F_2E

 

Step 3:

Fix point X at a distance of 2 cm from image A₁B_{1 .} 

Step 4:

1.     Fix point 2F_1E  at 6 cm from X.

2.      Draw Eye-piece at X with radius 6 cm.

3.     Fix points 2F_1E, F_1E, O, 2F_2E, F_2E.

 

Step 5:

1. Draw final image A₂B₂ with  eye-piece, taking image A₁B₁

      as object for eye-piece .

2. Final image is magnified, inverted, virtual.

 

Thus using the given procedure ray diagrams can be easily drawn.

Thank You

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