Kalics

  OPTICS, Fiber optics Basics Light  or visible  light  is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived by the human eye. Light energy  is a form of electromagnetic radiation.  Light  consists of photons.  Light  travels in waves and is the only form of  energy  visible to the human eye.   There are seven colors in white light: Red ,  Orange ,   Yellow ,  green ,  Blue ,  Indigo  and  Violet . Wavelengths  of  light  range from about 400 nm at the  violet   of the spectrum to 700 nm at the red.   The speed of light   C  = 3x10 8   m/s.    Reflection :   Whenever we look into a mirror, or see at sunlight glinting from a lake, we are seeing a reflection.  Laws of Reflection : Fig A 1. The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal to the surface of the mirror all lie in the same plane. 2. The angle of i...

  Heat, Temperature, Conduction, Convection,Radiation, Gas laws Introduction: The universe is made up of matter and energy.The universe is made up of either matter or energy.   Let us consider about matter. Matter exist in different states.There are five states of matter. These are   1.Solid 2. Liquid.     3.   Gas   4.   Plasma   5.   Bose Einstein Condenscent Out of these, the first 3 states exist at normal conditions, such as pressure and temperature. The 4 th state exists above 6000 0 C. The 5 th state exists   at nearly   0 0 K. All these matters can be studied on the basis of Kinetic theory. According to this-- 1.      All the matter is made up of atoms or molecules. 2.      These molecules are in some motion. 3.      There is attraction between the molecules   depends on distance between the molecules. 4.      T...